TOEFL Reading Practice #6

Instruction: Read the passage below carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Passage: Climate Change and Its Global Impact

Climate change is a defining issue of our time, with profound implications for the environment, economies, and societies worldwide. The phenomenon refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns, often driven by human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial emissions. The effects of climate change are already visible, with rising sea levels, melting glaciers, and more frequent extreme weather events.

One major consequence of climate change is the disruption of ecosystems. As temperatures rise, species must either adapt or face extinction. For example, polar bears are losing their natural habitat as Arctic ice melts, while coral reefs are dying due to ocean warming and acidification. These changes not only threaten biodiversity but also impact human livelihoods, especially in regions dependent on fishing and agriculture.

Climate change also has significant economic consequences. Floods, hurricanes, and droughts caused by changing weather patterns damage infrastructure, reduce agricultural productivity, and strain resources. Developing countries, which often lack the financial means to adapt, are particularly vulnerable. This has led to calls for greater international cooperation and financial support for climate resilience initiatives.

Despite these challenges, efforts to combat climate change are gaining momentum. Renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power are becoming more widespread, offering cleaner alternatives to fossil fuels. Reforestation projects and carbon capture technologies are also being developed to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, agreements like the Paris Climate Accord aim to unite countries in their fight against global warming.

The path forward requires collective action. Governments, businesses, and individuals must work together to reduce emissions, protect ecosystems, and promote sustainable practices. By addressing the root causes of climate change, humanity can create a more resilient and equitable future for generations to come.

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